Discrete Choice Modeling in Education: An Innovative Method to Assess Teaching Practices     

Vasilis Grammatikopoulos  Athanasios Gregoriadis  Michalis Linardakis 《Educational Measurement》2019,38(3):46-54

Self‐reported measures are an easy, time‐efficient, and low‐cost way to collect research data compared to other assessment methods. They are, however, characterized by several limitations regarding the quality and the clarity of the data they produce, especially when they are implemented in education. The main purpose of the current study was to use a method called discrete choice modeling (DCM) in education, in order to develop a self‐reported instrument that will reduce the bias for socially desirable responses and to assess teachers’ practices in physical activity. DCM method has the ability to overcome the respondents’ tendency to answer in a socially desirable way. A nationally representative sample of 531 Greek early educators participated in this study and were administered a self‐assessment questionnaire based on DCM. Results showed that the DCM based newly developed instrument manages to assess effectively educators’ practices and provided evidence of the applicability of the method in education. Further implications and future recommendations regarding the effective application of DCM in education are discussed.  相似文献   

Resolving the amalgam: connecting pedagogical content knowledge,content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge     

Vanessa Kind  Kennedy K. H. Chan 《International Journal of Science Education》2019,41(7):964-978

ABSTRACT

This paper concludes the Special Issue (SI) ‘Probing the Amalgam: the relationship between science teachers’ content, pedagogical and pedagogical content knowledge’. We review the five papers (Sorge et al; Gess-Newsome et al; Kind; Pitjeng-Mosabala and Rollnick; and Liepertz and Bronowski) by discussing evidence these present regarding the relationships between content knowledge (CK), pedagogical knowledge (PK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK); the development of CK, PK and PCK in novice and experienced secondary science teachers and how CK, PK and/or PCK impact students’ learning. In conclusion, we draw these findings together in offering proposals for future research via reconsideration of Shulman’s amalgam. This includes post-hoc examination of a PCK model known as ‘the Consensus Model’ (Gess-Newsome, [2015]. A model of teacher professional knowledge and skill including PCK: Results of the thinking from the PCK Summit. In A. Berry, P. J. Friedrichsen, & J. Loughran (Eds.), Re-examining Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Science Education (pp. 28–42). New York, NY: Routledge; Neumann, Kind, & Harms [2018]. Probing the amalgam: The relationship between science teachers’ content, pedagogical and pedagogical content knowledge. International Journal of Science Education, 1–15) and presentation of a novel PCK structure based on evidence from the SI studies.  相似文献   

Guiding Low Spatial Ability Individuals through Visual Cueing: The Dual Importance of Where and When to Look     

Victoria A. Roach  Graham M. Fraser  James H. Kryklywy  Derek G.V. Mitchell  Timothy D. Wilson 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(1):32-42

Research suggests that spatial ability may predict success in complex disciplines including anatomy, where mastery requires a firm understanding of the intricate relationships occurring along the course of veins, arteries, and nerves, as they traverse through and around bones, muscles, and organs. Debate exists on the malleability of spatial ability, and some suggest that spatial ability can be enhanced through training. It is hypothesized that spatial ability can be trained in low-performing individuals through visual guidance. To address this, training was completed through a visual guidance protocol. This protocol was based on eye-movement patterns of high-performing individuals, collected via eye-tracking as they completed an Electronic Mental Rotations Test (EMRT). The effects of guidance were evaluated using 33 individuals with low mental rotation ability, in a counterbalanced crossover design. Individuals were placed in one of two treatment groups (late or early guidance) and completed both a guided, and an unguided EMRT. A third group (no guidance/control) completed two unguided EMRTs. All groups demonstrated an increase in EMRT scores on their second test (P < 0.001); however, an interaction was observed between treatment and test iteration (P = 0.024). The effect of guidance on scores was contingent on when the guidance was applied. When guidance was applied early, scores were significantly greater than expected (P = 0.028). These findings suggest that by guiding individuals with low mental rotation ability “where” to look early in training, better search approaches may be adopted, yielding improvements in spatial reasoning scores. It is proposed that visual guidance may be applied in spatial fields, such as STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine), surgery, and anatomy to improve student's interpretation of visual content. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

The Use of Augmented Reality Technology in Medical Specimen Museum Tours     

Atsushi Sugiura  Toshihiro Kitama  Masahiro Toyoura  Xiaoyang Mao 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(5):561-571

Human anatomical specimen museums are commonly used by medical, nursing, and paramedical students. Through dissection and prosection, the specimens housed in these museums allow students to appreciate the complex relationships of organs and structures in more detail than textbooks could provide. However, it may be difficult for students, particularly novices, to identify the various parts of these anatomical structures without additional explanations from a docent or supplemental illustrations. Recently, augmented reality (AR) has been used in many museum exhibits to display virtual objects in videos captured from the real world. This technology can significantly enhance the learning experience. In this study, three AR-based support systems for tours in medical specimen museums were developed, and their usability and effectiveness for learning were examined. The first system was constructed using an AR marker. This system could display virtual label information for specimens by capturing AR markers using a tablet camera. Individual AR markers were required for all specimens, but their presence in and on the prosected specimens could also be obtrusive. The second system was developed to set the specimen image itself as an image marker, as most specimens were displayed in cross section. Visitors could then obtain the label information presented by AR without any markers intruding on the display or anatomical specimens. The third system was comprised of a head-mounted display combined with a natural click interface. The system could provide visitors with an environment for the natural manipulation of virtual objects with future scalability.  相似文献   

新时代背景下武术与民族传统体育专业教育招生改革路径研究*     

次春雷 《广州体育学院学报》2019,(4):115-119

当前，学校体育改革进入破解新旧问题的攻坚期，仍需采用不同视角及理论对学校体育政策执行中的“跨域”现象予以新认识，发现新问题，提出新对策。研究从“条块关系”视角入手，运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法，对学校体育政策执行中的“条块关系”特征（“条条”嵌入、“块块”统筹和“条块”整体）及问题（“条条”冲突、“块块”封闭和“条块”分割）进行解析，并结合整体性治理理念，提出重塑公共理念、加强制度建设、强化责任意识、培育信息共享和树立利益意识等对策，以期纾解“条块”问题，改善执行基础。  相似文献   

新时代高校体育教师的主体性专业发展     

李国璋  孙宜辰  何江海 《广州体育学院学报》2019,(4):120-125

运动教育模式（SE）以分组竞赛贯穿课堂教学，对培养综合性、复合型人才有着重要意义，然而在实际开展中却面临课时不足、学生运动水平参差不齐、运动知识学习环节薄弱等诸多困难。慕课依托互联网进行知识传授，学生可以在课下通过慕课重复观看数据库中的多种知识点。将慕课融入运动教育模式课堂教学，能够缓解教师运动知识传授等方面压力等问题，更好地促进学生的全全面发展。  相似文献   

考虑偏差路径的电动汽车充电站选址和定容     

朱书研  杨斌  朱小林 《上海海事大学学报》2019,40(1):44-50

为在电动汽车推广初期提升其在物流配送领域的接受度,缓解途中驾驶人员的"里程焦虑",对电动汽车充电站的选址和定容进行合理规划。不仅考虑驾驶人员为给电动汽车充电而愿意偏离最短路径行驶的偏差路径,还考虑电动汽车进入充电站后的等待时间,提出一个双目标混合整数规划模型。以偏差路径中的车流量来模拟充电需求,以最大化满足路径中需求与最小化平均等待时间两个目标之间的相互平衡作为衡量选址和定容合理性的指标,从而得到充电站的合理规划。结果表明:单次充电行驶里程、偏差距离和服务速率对充电站的选址和定容有重要影响。  相似文献   

Bayesian reasoning in avalanche terrain: a theoretical investigation     

Philip A. Ebert 《Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning》2019,19(1):84-95

In this article, I explore a Bayesian approach to avalanche decision-making. I motivate this perspective by highlighting a version of the base-rate fallacy and show that a similar pattern applies to decision-making in avalanche-terrain. I then draw out three theoretical lessons from adopting a Bayesian approach and discuss these lessons critically. Lastly, I highlight a number of challenges for avalanche educators when incorporating the Bayesian perspective in their curriculum.  相似文献   

Virtual Microscopy as a Learning Tool in Brazilian Medical Education     

Fernanda Somera dos Santos  Mariana Kiomy Osako  Gleici da Silva Castro Perdoná  Márcia Gaião Alves  Katiuchia Uzzun Sales 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(4):408-416

Virtual microscopy (VM) is a widely used teaching method in Medical Education in many developed countries. In Brazil, however, this is not the case for most medical schools, considering Brazilian social inequality and uneven access to technology. Recently, the Covid-19 pandemic has also challenged Universities to seek and make a transition toward more effective methods of full-time online education. Thus, the main goal of this work was to verify student's perception and academic performance, assessed upon VM implementation in a Brazilian Medical School. Ribeirao Preto Medical School students answered a 26-question survey with regards to optical microscopy (OM) and VM. Academic performance was compared between participants that were (year of 2019) or were not (year of 2015) exposed to VM. Taken the results together, subjective impressions such as handling, suitability, learning effectiveness, and pleasure using the tools, have shown a higher score for virtual microscopy (median = 29), when compared to optical microscopy (median = 24) with a P-value < 0.001 by Wilcoxon rank test, upon measurement using an ordinal scale. Regarding academic performance, no statistically significant differences were found between groups (P-value = 0.38, Cohen's d = 0.19). Therefore, VM proved to be adequate to the Brazilian medical education in light of Brazilian social contexts and Covid-19 pandemic.  相似文献   

基于游戏化学习的科技馆展示艺术设计探讨     

胡毓轩 《科教导刊》2020,(1):117-118

随着游戏化学习这种新型学习方式的出现与广泛应用,科技馆为了紧随时代的发展脚步开始积极引入各种科普游戏。本文从当前开发的具备学习和教育功能游戏展示角度出发,探究这类游戏对场馆和硬件设施的要求,落实科技馆展示艺术设计工作,从而为关注这一话题的人们提供参考。  相似文献